Drum making machine



July 23, 1940. L. PARDINI DRUM MAKING MACHINE Filed Nov. 29, 193'! 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 A TTORNEYS.

y 3. 0- L. PARDINI 2,209,033

DRUM MAKING MACHINE Filed NOV. 29, 1937 4 Sheets-$heet 2 INVENTORT M' ATTORNEYS.

x x w y 1940- PARDINI 2.209.033

DRUM MAKING MACHINE Filed NOV. 29, 1937 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR Rhlfv ATTORNEYS.

July 23, 1940.

DRUM MAKING MACHINE L. PARDINI 2,209,033

4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed NOV. 29, 1937 INVENTOR,

BM Em? A TTORNEYS.

Patented July 23, 1940 I I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE; 2,209,033 I i DRUM MAKING MACHINE Louis Pardini, Burlingame, Calif.

Application November 29, 1937, Serial No. 177,010

6 Claims. (o1.147 4r The present invention relates to machines for Reference will be made to the accompanying making containers, in the form ofdrums or simidrawings, wherein l lar articles, from flexible materials such as sheets Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the complete ma and strips of Wood veneer or compressed fiber. chine. p

Containers of this type comprise a body made Figs. 2-, 3 and 4 are detailed side elevations of '5 from a sheet of thin material, with one or more the control pedals, taken onthe respective lines circumferential interior ribs to form shoulders 2-2, 3-3 and 4- of Fig. g against which the ends or heads are seated, and Fig. 5 is a broken plan view of the feed table. anumber of exterior hoops which reinforce the F g. 6 is a vertical section taken throug t body. The machine herein illustrated and de work holding mandrel showing a drum in position 10' V scribed, embodying the present invention, asthereon. sembles the above mentioned parts upon a 1nan- Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the rear end pordrel, and fastens them together to form the comtion of the mandrel showing one of the expansible plete container. One end or head, forming the chucks thereof.

16 bottom of the container, is assembled with and Fi 8 is a nsverse section of the mandrel fastenedto the body simultaneously with the as-- taken 011 the e of l sembling and fastening of the hoops. The other g- 9 is a rear elcvation'of the machine showend is left open, but is provided with an interior i g the drive mechanism!v flange upon which a suitable top may be placed, Fig. 10 Ba side elevation of a portion Ofthe after the container is filled. drive mechanism, as viewed from the right of 90 The principal objects of the invention are to i f i provide an improved form of mandrel and an Fig. 11 is a detail plan view ,of the mechanism improved feed table, by means of which the parts for locking the u h der. are assembled mechanically With speed and ac- 12 is Side elevation of the pp portion curacy, and which permit the bottom head to be of t machine s See f om the r ght of Figl, assembled with the body and fastened directly showing a completed drum n h m n he. thereto without requiring an interior flange to feed table being O tted. i

support it and locate it in proper position; to pro- Fig. 13 is 3. detailed horizontal section taken vide means to enable the completed container to 011 e line of .10 be removed quickly from the mandrel; and 139 Fig. 14 is a broken sectional detail Of the man-' provide means for rotating th m ndr 1, b th drel drive mechanism, taken on the line l4!4 in timed relation to the operation of the fastens of Fig. 12. a i ing mechanism, and independently thereof, so In the drawings. the e ence numerallii indithat the operator can continue the assembling Gates 8. frame p which is mounted it motel and fastening operation formore than one come shown in A pu y IT on he S t Of 35 plete revolution of the mandrel to accommodate motor drives a belt which Passes around a varying amount of over-lap in the body and drives a p y Positioned heal e p hoops, and yet can move the mandrel to its cor- 0f the frame. Which drives a Shaft 29 thieiigh rect position for beginning the next cycle. Other gearing indicated at 2361 e ft 29 s e objects and advantages of the invention will be Ileeted With Shaft y a clutch 22, 40 brought to light as the description of the machine said shaft 2| extending across the machine d progresses, being provided with a plurality of eccentrics 23. Th ticular hin h i shown d d These eccentrics operate a series of identical scribed is designed to make cylindrical drums stapl h indicated at 24 in FigS- l 8 G1 them together by means of Wire staples. It will he part Of the present v n, a d has therebe apparent, however, to those skilled in the art, f been omitted from the drawings It will b that the machine may be adapted, without m t sufficient to understand that the stapling heads rial change, to make tapering baskets, or to use 24 are reciprocated in unison by the eccentrics 23, on other materials or other fastening means. It is and that. as a result of 511th reciprocation, W re 50 to be understood, moreover, that the several parts Staples are driven into the Work POSitiOIled up n herein shown and described may be changed in a mandrel or holder.2 5. One of the wires, from form, construction and arrangement, Within the which the staples are formed is shown at 25 in limits of the claims hereto appended, without dc: Fig. 1. The mechanism and operation of formon. parting from the spirit of the invention. ing staples from the wireand driving them into from thin sheets and strips of wood, and to fasten The Construction Of a d stap ng heads forms the work is a matter of common knowledge in the art and need not be described herein.

, with an annular groove 49.

The materials from which the completed drum is assembled comprise a circular disk of wood 27, Fig. 6, which forms the bottom head of the drum a relatively narrow, flexible strip of wood 28 which forms a ring inside the drum near its open upper end, upon which the top, not shown, may rest; a sheet of flexible wood veneer 29, which forms the cylindrical body of the drum; and a plurality of flexible strips 3|], wider than the strip 28, which form reinforcing hoops on the outside of the body 29. The machine herein illustrated is-designed to apply three of such exterior strips to the drum and therefore'three stapling heads 24 are indicated in Fig. 12. One,

of said heads drives a series of successive staples through the upper hoop 30,--the body 29 of the drum, and the inner flange 28 (Fig. 6); another head drives a series of staples through the center hoop and the bodyof the drum; and the third head drives a series of staples through the lower hoop and the body of the drum, andinto the edge of the bottom 21. Thus by a successive seriesof three simultaneous stapling operations, the entire drum is fastened together. At each'revolution of the shaft 2|, all three stapling heads 24 descend upon the work, each head driving one staple. The mandrel 25 thenadvances the work one step, and three more staples are driven. This continues until the work has made a full revolution, when the drum is complete.

A feed table 3|, Figs. 1 and 5, is positioned at the right hand side of the machine and has an upstanding flange 32 along its rear edge. It also has a groove 33 spaced about one inch from said rear edge. Above the-feed table are three pairs of guide rollers 34, each 'pair 1 of rollers being mounted upon a plate or bracket 35, and all of said brackets being carried by a rod 36 mounted in fixed brackets 36a. At its free end each roller has a flange 3'! held against its end by a spring 38. The rod 36 may oscillate in its brackets 39a, permitting the roller brackets 35 to rock.

The narrow strip 28 which forms the interior flangewithin the upper end of the drum is inserted in the groove 33 in the feed table 3|. The strips 30 which form the exterior hoops of the drums are inserted between the rollers 34, as shown in Fig. 1, each strip passing over the outer roller and under the inner roller. The sheet of veneer 29 which forms the body of the drum is laid flat upon the feed table with one edge against the flange 32.

v The work holder or mandrel 25, which is positioned adjacent the inner end of the feed table 3|,,is mounted upon a rotatable shaft 39, as shown in Fig. 6, and comprisesa pair of expansible chucks 4|! positioned to grip the interior of the drum inside the upper andcenter hoops respectively, and to serve as anvils for clinching the staples driven through said hoops. Each chuck comprises four segmental jaws 4|, Figs. 6, 7, and 8, carried by tongues 42 which slide in sockets 43 formed in the hub 44. The jaws 4| are connected by toggle links 45 with a yoke 46 slidably mounted upon the shaft 39. A pair of rods 41 are connected with the yokes 46 of both chucks and extend endwise to a sliding collar 48 provided A yoke 5|], whose arms are provided with trunnion blocks 5! riding in the groove 49, is operated either by a hand lever 52 or by a pedal 53, Figs. 1 and 4, through a series of connecting links and levers 54. By operating either the hand lever 52 or the pedal 53 the chucks 49 can be expanded or contracted. They are shown in the drawings in contracted position.

The chuck at the rear end of the mandrel is provided with flanged clips 54a, Figs. '7 and 8, between the ends of the segmental jaws 4|, one of which receives the leading end of the inside strip 28 as it is fed in from the feed table. The corners of the jaws 4| of said rear chuck are cut away diagonally and roughened or serrated, as shown at 542), and when said jaws are expanded, the end of the strip 28 is clamped between the clip 54a and the diagonal end of the jaw. The

clips 54a are rigidly secured to and extend laterally from a disk or spider 540 formed integrally with the hub 44 of the chuck.

A disk 55, Fig. 6, is secured upon the forward end of the shaft 39. The bottom head 21 of the drum, which is clamped against said disk, is caused to rotate therewith by a plurality of prongs 56 which project from its outer surface and enter the adjacent surface of the wood. The disk 55 is also provided with a central boss 56a, which engages a hole or recess in the head 21, whereby the latter is centered. A clamping plate 57, forming an end gate for the mandrel, bears against the outer surface of the head 21 to hold it against the chuck disk 55. The gate 51 is rotat-. ably carried upon a spindle 58, Fig. 13, which is slidably mounted in a bracket 59. The bracket 59 is secured upon the lower end of a rod 60, Figs. 1 and 12, which is mounted for oscillation in a suitable portion of the frame. A spring 6| rotates the rod 68' in a direction to swing the bracket 59 and the gate 57 away from the end of the mandrel 25. The bracket 59 may be swung manually toward said holder, to clamp the head 2'! between the gate 51 and the disk 55, and is held in such position, against the tension of the spring 6|, by a latch mechanism at the-upper end of the rod 60. This latch mechanism comprises a cam 62 provided with an abrupt shoulder 63, Fig. 11, which can be engaged by a pawl 64, the latter being moved into and out of engaging position by a hand lever 65. The cam 62 is also provided with a second shoulder 65 which abuts against a fixed lug 61 to provide a positive stop for the outward movement of the bracket 59. The gate 51 is pressed inwardly, toward the disk 55, by a spring 68, Figs. 12 and 13. It may be withdrawn; to free the head 21 without swinging the entire bracket 59 outwardly, by a lever 69 rotatably mounted on the outer end of the spindle 58 and provided with a cam 19 which engages a follower clamping said work against the chucks of the mandrel. A spring 78a, Fig. 12, lifts said roller when the latch H is disengaged.

The mandrel is rotated, to carry the work be-v neath the stapling heads 24, by a pawl and ratchet mechanism operated; by the eccentric shaft 2| shown in Figs. 12 and 14. An eccentric 19 on said shaft reciprocates a rod 88 whose end is bent to form a pawl 8|. Said pawl engages a ratchet wheel 82 upon the mandrel shaft 39. Each upward stroke of the rod 89 rotates the Iii pedal 89.

ratchet wheel 82 and the mandrel shaft 39 the distance of one ratchet tooth in a counter-clockwise direction, and upon each downward stroke of said rod 80, the pawl 8| slides outwardly upon the inclined rear face of theratchet tooth and rides over said tooth, dropping into the next notch. The ratchet wheel, the shaft 39, and the mandrel 25 are prevented from rotating in a reverse or clockwise direction during the downward or return stroke of the pawl Si by a friction brake to be described hereinafter. Thus upon each upward stroke of the stapling heads themandrel is rotated one step, to present a new portion of the work beneath said stapling heads.

An auxiliary drive mechanism is provided for rotating the mandrel 25 without operating the stapling mechanism. This auxiliary drive comprises. ashaft 83, Figs. 9 and 10, driven from the continuously rotating shaft 20 by a chain 84 and gearing 84a. The shaft 83 is connected, through a clutch 85, a short shaft a, and a chain 89, with the mandrel shaft 39. The clutch is operated by linkage 81 and a rock-shaft 88, the latter being connected with a pedal 89 by linkage 99, as shown in Fig. 3. Depressing the pedal 89 engages the clutch 85, causing the mandrel 25 to be rotated by the chains 84 and 88 and the shaft 83, without operating the stapling mechanism. A spring 9| disengages said clutch 85.

. A positive stop latch is provided for limiting the forward movement of the mandrel at the end of each cycle of operation, comprising an arm 92, Figs. 1 and 10, positioned to engage the ratchet wheel 82. Said arm, which is fulcrumed at 93, is lifted out of locking position by the linkage 94 connected with the rock shaft 88 operated by the The arm 92 is also lifted out of locking position, automatically, by a cam 95 on the shaft 85a of the clutch 85. The spider 540 of the rear mandrel chuck has a peripheral face 98, Figs. 1 and 6, against which a friction brake 91 operates, said brake being resiliently held against said face by a spring 91a whose tension is adjustable by a screw 91?). The brake 9! prevents reverse movement of the mandrel by the ratchet pawl 8|.

The clutch 22 is controlled by a pedal 98, Figs. 1, 2 and 12, through linkage 99. Depressing said pedal engages the clutch, and a spring I08 releases it. Depressing said pedal also raises the stop latch 92 out of locking engagement with the ratchet wheel 82, through an interconnecting link 99a, Fig. 10, between the clutch rod 99 and the latch rod 94. When the clutch is released, the latch drops into engagement with the ratchet wheel to stopthe mandrel.

In using the machine, the operator first places the bottom head 21 against the mandrel disk 55, clamping it in position with the gate 51. He then turns the mandrel, without operating the stapling mechanism, by means of the auxiliary drive con trolled by the pedal 89, until one of the clamping clips 54a of the rear chuck is at the top and in line with the feed table. The inside strip 234s then laid in the groove 33 of said feed table, and

pushed inwardly until its end is engaged beneath said clip 59a. The jaws of said rear chuck have a peripheral groove 3301., Fig. 6, in line with the groove 33 of the table, to receive the strip 28.

The mandrel is then expanded, by means of the lever 52 or the pedal 53, to clamp the end of the strip 28 beneaththe clip 54a, and said mandrel is again rotated by means of the pedal 89, without, operating the stapling mechanism, thereby pulling the strip 28 around with it until the leading and of said strip has passed beneath the line of the stapling heads. The body sheet 29 is then laid upon the feed table and pushed in until its leading edge is beneath the stapling heads 24. The rear chuck has a peripheral flange 32a aligned with the flange 32 of the table, these flanges guiding the body sheet 29 to proper position. The outside hoop strips 39 are threaded through their respective pairs of guide rollers 34, and are pushed in until their ends are also be.- neath the stapling heads 24. Lugs ml, Fig. 1, project from the bottoms of said stapling heads, and act as stops to locate the proper initial positions of the body sheet 29 and the hoop strips 38.

Having placed the various component parts of the drum in their proper positions, the operator brings down the clamping roller 12, by means of its lever 75, thereby clamping said parts against the mandrel. He then starts the stapling operation by depressing the pedal 98. The first stitch or staple unites the outside hoop strips 39 with the body sheet 29, and also unites said body sheet with the inside strip 28, whose end is clamped between the mandrel chuck and the clip 54a. Therefore, as the mandrel rotates with its step by step motion between successive staplings, all the various parts of the drum-are pulled around with it and wound upon it. When the mandrel has made one complete revolution and enough more to fasten down the necessary overlap of the body and hoops of the drum, the operator releases the pedal 99 and the machine stops. He then releases the clamping roller 12 by unlatching the lever 55 and at the same time releases the latch lever 95 to allow the gate 5? to swing outwardly away from the end of the mandrel. Finally, he contracts the chucks, either by the lever 52 or the pedal 53, and removes the finished drum from the mandrel.

It will be recognized by those skilled in the art that the provision of means for turning the mandrel without operating the stapling mechanism makes for greater flexibility and convenience in operating the machine. The body sheet and the outside hoops of the drum must have some overlap, and therefore the stapling operation must continue for slightly more than one revolution of] the mandrel. In my machine, the operator can continue the stapling as much beyond one revolution as may be necessary to fasten the overlapping ends of the body and hoops, and if these parts are somewhat longer than standard, as they frequentlyare, no trouble is caused thereby.

This flexibility in the duration of the stapling operation, however, causes the mandrel to stop in random positions. The proper termination of the stapling operation may leave the mandrel in such a position that the end of the strip 28 for the next drum cannot be inserted beneath one of the clips 5411. In this event, the operator, as he places the strip 28 on the feed table, rotates the mandrel. without operating the stapling mechanism, by pressing the pedal 89, until, one of the clips 59a comes to proper position.

The means for rotating the mandrel without operating the stapling mechanism also permits the operator, if he so, desires, to make the body lead the hoops by a suflicient distance so that they do not overlap at the same place,thereby making a neater and better drum than would be the case if the trailing end of the body sheet overlapped the leading ends of the hoops. In

order to accomplish this result, the corner of the shown in Fig. 8, and both are clamped together to the mandrel. Initial rotation of the mandrel, Without operating the stapling mechanism, thereupon pulls both the strip 28 and sheet 29 under the stapling heads and as much beyond the ends of the hoop strips 30 as may be required to stagger the overlaps. This lead of the body sheet ahead of the hoop strips is maintained throughout the stapling operation, and enables the overlap of the body to be completed before that of the hoopsbegins.

It will also be seen that the construction of the mandrel and the feed table are such as to insure the correct assembling of all parts of the drum. The bottom head 21, being clamped to the end of the mandrel, forms a part thereof, the lower end of the body sheet being wound directly and tightly about said head. By making said head of sufiiciently thick wood, and driving the bottom row of staples directly into its edge, there is no necessity for interior hoops at this end 01' the drum.

I claim:

1. In a machine for making drums from sheets and strips of flexible material, a rotatable mandrel upon which said material is wound in simultaneously applied superposed layers, clamping means on said mandrel within the outer periphery thereof for gripping the leading end of an inner layer of material and causing it to advance with the initial rotation of said mandrel, stop means positioned outside the outer periphery of said mandrel for temporary engagement with an outer layer of material to prevent it from advancing with said inner layer during said initial rotation of the mandrel, and means for uniting said layers together during the subsequent rotation of said mandrel.

2. In a machine for making drums from sheets and strips of flexible material, a mandrel upon which said material is wound in superposed layers. fastening means for securing said layers of material together while upon said mandrel, means for rotating said mandrel and operating said fastening means in timed relation, other means for rotating said mandrel alone, a clamp on said mandrel within the outer periphery thereof for gripping the leading end of an inner layer of material, and stop means exterior to said mandrel positioned for temporary engagement with an outer layer of the material, said clamp and said stop means permitting said inner layer to be advanced relative to said outer layer when the mandrel is rotated without operating the fastening means.

3. A machine for making drums from :flexible sheets and strips comprising a rotatable mandrel about which the sheet and strips are wound into cylindrical shape, intermittently operating fastening means for securing said sheet and strips together, intermittent drive mechanism engageable with said mandrel to impart step-by-step rotation thereto, said drive mechanism operating in timed relation to the operation of said fastening means, continuouslymoving drive mechanism engageable with said mandrel to impart continuous rotary movement thereto, a latch member movable into and out of engagement with said mandrel to stop the rotary movement thereof, control means acting upon said drive mechanisms to connect either of them with said mandrel, and interconnecting means between said drive mechanisms and said latch member operable to move said latch member out of engagement with said mandrel when either of said drive mechanisms is connected therewith.

4. A machine for making drums from flexible sheets and strips comprising a rotatable mandrel about which the sheet and strips are wound into cylindrical shape, intermittently operating fastening means for securing said sheet and strips together, a ratchet wheel connected with said mandrel, intermittent drive mechanism for imparting step-by-step rotation to said mandrel, said drive mechanism operating in timed relation to the operation of said fastening means and including a reciprocating pawl engageable with said ratchet wheel, continuously moving drive mechanism engageable with said mandrel to impart continuous rotary movement thereto, a latch member movable into and out of engagement with said ratchet wheel to stop the rotary movement of said mandrel, control means operable at will and acting upon said drive mechanisms to connect either of them with said mandrel, and interconnecting means between said drive mechanisms and said latch member operable to move said latch member out of engagement with said ratchet wheel when either of said drive mechanisms is connected in driving relation with said mandrel.

5. In a machine for making drums from sheets and strips of flexible material, a mandrel comprising an expansible chuck, said chuck having a plurality of radially movable segmental jaws, the outer faces of said jaws complementing each other to form a cylindrical mandrel surface about which the drum-forming material is wound, one of said jaws having a portion of its outer face at one of its ends depressed below the periphery of said mandrel surface, a lug rigidly secured to said mandrel, said lug having an approximately radially disposed portion lying between the depressed end of the last mentioned jaw and the end of the adjacent jaw, and said lug having a tangentially disposed portion overlying said depressed jaw portion and forming therewith a clamp to receive and grip the leading edge of the drum-forming material, the outer surface of said tangential lug portion being flush with the outer cylindrical faces of said jaws when the latter are in expanded position.

6. In a machine for making drums from sheets and strips of flexible material, a mandrel comprising an expansible chuck, said chuck having a plurality of radially movable segmental jaws, the outer faces of said jaws complementing each other to form a cylindrical mandrel surface about which the drum-forming material is wound, one of said jaws having a portion of its outer face at one of its ends depressed below the periphery of said mandrel surface, a disk secured at one end of said mandrel adjacent to said chuck,

. said disk being larger in diameter than the chuck when in expanded position, a lug secured to and projecting laterally from said disk, said lug having an approximately radially disposed portion lying between the depressed end of the last mentioned jaw and the end of the adjacent jaw, and said lug having a tangentially disposed portion overlying said depressed jaw portion and forming therewith a clamp to receive and grip theleading edge of the drum-forming material, the outer surface of said tangential lug portion being flush with the outer cylindrical faces of said jaws when the latter are in expanded position.

LOUIS P RDINr. 

